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<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">白皮书 v1.1.0</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vnp2pnet-and-vnnode">vnP2PNET 与 vnNODE</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vncdn">vnCDN 去中心化的内容加速分发服务</a></li>
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  <div class="section" id="technical-path">
<h1>技术路径<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#technical-path" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
<div class="section" id="vnp2pnet-and-vnnode">
<h2>vnP2PNET 与 vnNODE<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vnp2pnet-and-vnnode" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>分布式端对端对等网络、遍布全球的用户节点。</p>
<p>vnP2PNET 是 KID 全网节点互联互通、高效协作的基础。</p>
<p>遍布全球的 vnNODE用户节点在一系列协议和规则标准基础上运行，构成了 vnP2PNET 分布式端对端对等网络，这些技术在 BitTorrent、BitCoin、Ethereum 等多个场景和系统中正在使用且已得到有效验证并且已经基本成熟。</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>P2PNET:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P2pnet">维基百科：p2pnet（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%95%A3%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C">维基百科：分散网络（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>BitTorrent:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.bittorrent.com/">bittorrent.com</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent_(disambiguation)">维基百科：BitTorrent（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent">维基百科：BitTorrent（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>比特币：</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://bitcoin.org/">bitcoin.org</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf">比特币白皮书</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin">维基百科：比特币（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%81">维基百科：比特币（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>以太坊：</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://www.ethereum.org/">ethereum.org</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ethereum">Ethereum on Github</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethereum">维基百科：以太坊（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E5%9D%8A">维基百科：以太坊（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vnchain-blockchain">
<h2>vnCHAIN 区块链<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vnchain-blockchain" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>vnCHAIN 主链的设计和实施都将尽量简洁，以保持 vnNODE 节点对运算和存储资源的最低需求。最新 vnPAC 规则的存储更新、清算结算、合约执行将发生在 vnCHAIN 主链上，而过期数据则被视为冗余，会自动备份至其它共生的去中心化系统（如 IPFS、EOS 等）以供查询，当然，节点也可以选择保存完整高度的区块公账（默认保存255天的区块数据和快照）</p>
<p>vnCHAIN 使用 PoT 共识与随机记账策略，不存在“算力竞赛”的可能，进一步减低了对节点硬件的要求，同时提高了扩展性。</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="allow-one-to-many-bindings-and-untying-of-vnwallet-and-vnnode">
<h2>允许 vnWallet 与 vnNODE 一对多绑定与解绑<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#allow-one-to-many-bindings-and-untying-of-vnwallet-and-vnnode" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>采用 vnWallet 钱包与 vnNODE 节点平行的逻辑结构设计，vnWallet 和 vnNODE 使用相互独立的私钥与公钥，vnWallet 与 vnNODE 间可以相互自由转账。</p>
<p>允许 vnWallet 与 vnNODE 一对多绑定与解绑：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>允许 vnWallet 与 vnNODE 同时签名授权绑定关联关系，绑定后，vnNODE 花费与收入的VNET Token 都将自动计入对应 vnWallet 的 address</li>
<li>允许由 vnWallet 单方签名授权发起解绑 vnNODE 操作，解绑后，vnNODE 的花费和收入不再和 vnWallet 关联，而只属于 vnNODE 自己的 address</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vnsdk">
<h2>vnSDK<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vnsdk" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>vnSDK 软件开发工具包是第一个建立在 vnP2PNET 网络上的终端用户应用程序（同时封装 vnRPC 远程过程调用协议），这个开发包定义一系列标准并为终端用户提供方便的接口，可以利用 vnCHAIN 区块链的优势，同时赋予 VISION 未来扩大业务规模的潜能。不论是官方应用，还是未来有更多伙伴或组织参与到 VISION 的应用开发中来，vnSDK 都将提供更多便利并会促进整个生态系统更开放、更丰富。</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vnvpn-model-and-principle">
<h2>vnVPN 模型与原理<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vnvpn-model-and-principle" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<a class="reference internal image-reference" href="vnVPN.png"><img alt="vnVPN.png" class="align-center" src="vnVPN.png" style="width: 100%;"></a>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vnfree-non-state-protocol">
<h2>vnFREE 无状态协议<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vnfree-non-state-protocol" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>独家算法的 vnFREE 无状态协议，基于 TCP，可以实现服务节点的秒级切换，无需像传统 VPN 一样等待软件断开再重新连接，军事级别的 AES-256 加密，再经过叠加混淆处理后的数据包，与 HTTPS 的流量特征更相似，从而很难被 DPI 深度包检测发现。</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>TCP:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol">维基百科：传输控制协议（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE">维基百科：传输控制协议（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>AES:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard">维基百科：高级加密标准（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%BA%A7%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86">维基百科：高级加密标准（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>HTTPS:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPS">维基百科：超文本传输安全协议（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE">维基百科：超文本传输安全协议（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>Deep Packet Inspection:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_packet_inspection">维基百科：深度包检测（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E5%BA%A6%E5%8C%85%E6%A3%80%E6%B5%8B">维基百科：深度包检测（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vntunnel-dynamic-encrypted-tunnel">
<h2>vnTUNNEL，动态加密隧道<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vntunnel-dynamic-encrypted-tunnel" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>在成熟的 OpenVPN 基础上，加入了类似 Shadowsocks(r) 的混淆特性，开发出来的一种持续连接的专有协议，能同时使用 UDP 和 TCP 两种模式，动态证书加密，在服务节点带宽条件良好的情况下，可以实现更短的延迟，更高的响应效率。</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>Tunneling Protocol:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunneling_protocol">维基百科：隧道协议（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE">维基百科：隧道协议（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>OpenVPN:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenVPN">维基百科：OpenVPN（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenVPN">维基百科：OpenVPN（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>Shadowsocks:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadowsocks">维基百科：Shadowsocks（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadowsocks">维基百科：Shadowsocks（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>UDP:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol">维基百科：用户数据报协议（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%8A%A5%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE">维基百科：用户数据报协议（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vndns-non-pollution-distributed-domain-name-service">
<h2>vnDNS，无污染的分布式 DNS 域名解析服务<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vndns-non-pollution-distributed-domain-name-service" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>尽管一些国际化的公司或组织可以提供干净的 DNS 解析服务（如 IBM、Google、CloudFlare 等），但由于通信数据包依然可能会被用户所在 ISP 拦截并篡改，用户在使用的过程中依然存在不能获得正确解析结果的可能性。</p>
<p>vnDNS 在分布式网络技术的基础上，可实现分布式的域名解析服务 Distributed Domain Name Server，从而使用户免 于遭受 DNS 污染（DNS cache pollution）</p>
<p>初期的 vnDNS 实现方案将以可信区域的节点代理解析为主（ VISION 网络内通信均经过动态加密隧道传输，数据可信，不会再被劫持拦截和污染），后期将发展升级成为一个具有完整独立 DNS 功能的服务应用。</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>DNS:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System">维基百科：域名系统（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F">维基百科：域名系统（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>DNS pollution:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93">维基百科：域名服务器缓存污染（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>Google Public DNS:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Public_DNS">维基百科：Google Public DNS（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Public_DNS">维基百科：Google Public DNS（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="ddos-defense-which-is-derived-from-vndns">
<h2>由 vnDNS 衍生的 DDoS Attack Protection 阻断服务攻击防护服务<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#ddos-defense-which-is-derived-from-vndns" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>完全自由分布化的 vnDNS 解析服务还可以再结合反向代理技术，借助庞大的 VISION 用户基础和节点数量帮助需要受保护的网站有偿地防护 DDoS 分布式阻断服务攻击 Distributed Denial-of-Service attack，受保护网站支付 <a class="reference internal" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/application_description_and_economic_model.html#voken"><span class="std std-ref">流量币 KID —— 生态系统中的唯一通证</span></a> ，而参与服务的节点获得 KID 。</p>
<p>运行 VISION 节点的用户，将再增加一个选择：不但有机会为网络安全保护贡献一份力量，同时又多了一个增加 <a class="reference internal" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/application_description_and_economic_model.html#voken"><span class="std std-ref">流量币 KID —— 生态系统中的唯一通证</span></a> 收益方式。</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>DDoS:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack">维基百科：阻断服务攻击（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E6%96%B7%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E6%94%BB%E6%93%8A">维基百科：阻断服务攻击（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vnpac-smart-routing-automatic-judging-and-updating-based-on-asn-in-isp-region">
<h2>vnPAC 智能分流机制，基于 ISP 区域 ASN 的自动判断、自动更新<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vnpac-smart-routing-automatic-judging-and-updating-based-on-asn-in-isp-region" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>代理自动配置技术 Proxy auto-config 简称为 PAC。</p>
<p>vnVPN 并不设置中心化的 PAC 文件存储，vnPAC 将自动识别用户所在 ISP的系统编号 ASN，自动判断连接是否畅通、自动判断其它 ASN 区域的节点是否畅通、自动更新结果与代理规则、智能执行分流（不能直达的流量才自动使用节点代理）。</p>
<p>普通用户不需要进行复杂的手动配置、只需要保持 vnVPN 程序在后台运行，就可以无障碍地、直接顺畅地使用网络服务。</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>PAC:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_auto-config">维基百科：代理自动配置（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E7%90%86%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE">维基百科：代理自动配置（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>ASN:</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_system_(Internet)">维基百科：自治系统（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F">维基百科：自治系统（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>ASN 查询：</dt>
<dd><ul class="first last simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://www.ultratools.com/tools/asnInfo">ASN Lookup &amp; Information on ultratools.com</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.mk/asn">en.mk/asn</a></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vncdn">
<h2>vnCDN 去中心化的内容加速分发服务<a class="headerlink" href="../../../zh-cn/latest/whitepaper/technical_path.html#vncdn" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>前文“应用说明与经济模型”板块已有对 vnCDN 的简要介绍。传统的 CDN 技术（ Content Delivery Network 或 Content Distribution Network ）已经如此成熟，融入区块链和 Token 后带来的全民参与、效率提升、成本降低、服务透明等好处更是显而易见。</p>
<p>我们并不在本文中耗费篇章做过多的重复说明，这里仅将维基百科上 CDN 的中英文词条附上，以供参考。</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_delivery_network">维基百科：内容传递网络（英文）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E5%82%B3%E9%81%9E%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF">维基百科：内容传递网络（中文）</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
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